Expectorant

Stimulating. Asthma, whooping cough, bronchitis, dry coughs, fever, malaria

Antispasmodic

Relaxing the smooth muscles of the bronchus, pharyngitis, retained placenta

Bitter tonic
Cholagogue

Appetite stimulant, anorexia, dyspepsia, constipation

Hepatic

Liver disease

Diuretic

Dysuria, anuria, amenorrhoea

Anti-arrhythmic

Cardiac arrhythmia, irregular heart beat, palpitations, unrest

Vulnerary

Wounds, ulcers, use topically. Tea; causes sweating, fluid extract; stops the sweating

Herbal extract, 20-40mL per week

Energetics: Cooling, bitter, pungent, salty

Meridians: Lung, liver, spleen

Caution: Chronic kidney disorders